What are the types of dendritic cells?
In human, three DCs precursors are recognized: GMDPs, MDPs, and CDPs. As the cells differentiate, they acquire different phenotype. It is accepted that under the influence of Flt3-L, cDC1, cDC2, and pDCs originate from CDPs. In mouse, it has been shown that there are several precursors: CMPs, MDPs, and CDPs.
What are the four types of dendritic cells?
The different subtypes of dendritic cells (e.g. Langerhans cells, Plasmacytoid DC, Interdigitating DC, and Myeloid DC) not only have different origins, but also different receptors and varying functions.
What are the dendritic cells?
(den-DRIH-tik sel) A special type of immune cell that is found in tissues, such as the skin, and boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface to other cells of the immune system. A dendritic cell is a type of phagocyte and a type of antigen-presenting cell (APC).
What are the functions of dendritic cells?
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous family of immune cells that link innate and adaptive immunity. The main function of these innate cells is to capture, process, and present antigens to adaptive immune cells and mediate their polarization into effector cells (1).
What are myeloid dendritic cells?
Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) comprise a heterogeneous population of professional antigen-presenting cells, which are responsible for capture, processing, and presentation of antigens on their surface to T cells. mDCs serve as a bridge linking adaptive and innate immune responses.
What are MDC dendritic cells?
Myeloid dendritic cells (mDCS) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are two types of human blood DCs that derive from different progenitors and have different functions[15]. MDCs regulate pro-inflammatory responses via inducing T-helper 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses upon bacterial and viral infections [16].
What is follicular dendritic cells?
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are stromal cells residing in primary follicles and in germinal centers of secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs (SLOs and TLOs). There, they play a crucial role in B-cell activation and affinity maturation of antibodies.
Where are dendritic cells produced?
the bone marrow
Dendritic cells (DCs) are uniquely potent in orchestrating T cell immune response, thus they are indispensable immune sentinels. They originate from progenitors in the bone marrow through hematopoiesis, a highly regulated developmental process involving multiple cellular and molecular events.
What activates dendritic cells?
DCs are activated directly by conserved pathogen molecules and indirectly by inflammatory mediators produced by other cell types that recognise such molecules. In addition, it is likely that DCs are activated by poorly characterised cellular stress molecules and by disturbances in the internal milieu.