What is SIADH nursing?
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a medical condition characterized by low serum sodium levels (hyponatremia), blood dilution, and urine concentration. SIADH results in fluid retention in the body and imbalance of electrolytes.
What is the pathophysiology of SIADH?
Pathophysiology of SIADH The hormone increases water reabsorption in the distal nephron, producing a concentrated urine and diluted plasma. Vasopressin release is stimulated by any of the following: Increased plasma osmolality. Decreased blood volume.
What is the management of SIADH?
Restrict fluid intake as first-line treatment. Second-line treatments include increasing solute intake with 0.25–0.50 g/kg per day of urea or a combination of low-dose loop diuretics and oral sodium chloride. Use of lithium, demeclocycline, or vasopressin receptor antagonists is not recommended.
How is SIADH diagnosed and managed?
Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical euvolaemic state with low serum sodium and osmolality, raised urine sodium and osmolality, and exclusion of pseudohyponatraemia and diuretic use. Fluid restriction of 800–1200 mL/24 hours is the mainstay of treatment.
Who is at risk for SIADH?
Idiopathic SIADH is more common in patients over 65 years of age, and mild to moderate hyponatremia in such patients may contribute to fractures in addition to a higher risk of falls and gait problems.
What type of hyponatremia is in SIADH?
The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the most common cause of euvolemic hyponatremia in hospitalized patients.
How is SIADH diagnosed?
How do you prevent SIADH?
The first line of treatment is to limit fluid intake to avoid further buildup. Medications may include those that can reduce fluid retention, such as furosemide (Lasix), and those that can inhibit ADH, like demeclocycline.
What is function of antidiuretic hormone?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced. A high ADH level causes the body to produce less urine. A low level results in greater urine production.
What is the problem in SIADH?
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a condition in which the body makes too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This hormone helps the kidneys control the amount of water your body loses through the urine. SIADH causes the body to retain too much water.
What happens in SIADH?