What is antegrade urography?

Antegrade pyelography uses a special dye to see detailed x-ray images of the upper urinary tract (kidney and ureter). It is used to diagnose hydronephrosis, ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and obstruction of the ureters, for example.

What is the difference between antegrade and retrograde pyelography?

In practice, both terms are used interchangeably. Pyelography may also be performed retrograde through a catheter inserted into the distal ureter, or it may be performed antegrade after percutaneous access to the renal upper collecting system (e.g. through a percutaneous nephrostomy).

What is an antegrade procedure?

An antegrade pyelogram is an imaging test to find a blockage (obstruction) in the upper urinary tract. Your urinary tract includes the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. The ureters are the narrow tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

What is an indication for retrograde urography?

Indications of retrograde pyelography include the following: To evaluate ureteral obstruction. To identify filling defects such as stones or tumors. To assist in percutaneous access by delineating the entire collecting system (nonhydronephrotic kidneys) To aid in stent placement and ureteroscopy.

What is antegrade ureteroscopy?

Antegrade ureteroscopy, using the 11-French ureteroscope via a percutaneous transrenal access, provides safe and easy endoscopic exploration of the ureter above the level of the iliac vessels.

How is an antegrade pyelogram done?

An antegrade pyelogram is a type of X-ray used to diagnose an obstruction of the upper urinary tract. During the procedure, a contrast dye is injected into a portion of the ureter (narrow tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder) closest to the kidneys called the renal pelvis.

What is the difference between intravenous pyelogram and retrograde pyelogram?

Intravenous pyelogram – In which a contrast solution is introduced through a vein into the circulatory system. Retrograde pyelogram – Any pyelogram in which contrast medium is introduced from the lower urinary tract and flows toward the kidney (i.e. in a “retrograde” direction, against the normal flow of urine).

What is percutaneous antegrade pyelography?

Percutaneous antegrade pyelography allows the clinician to evaluate the renal pelvis and ureter, to localize the ureteral obstruction, and to determine whether the obstruction is partial or complete (17).

What is antegrade stenting?

Because the stent is put in through the kidney, and down the ureter, this is called an antegrade procedure (as opposed to placing a stent through the bladder, and up the ureter, which is a retrograde procedure). This stent then allows urine to drain in the normal fashion, from the kidney into the bladder.

What does retrograde mean in urology?

What is a retrograde pyelogram? A retrograde pyelogram is an imaging test that uses X-rays to look at your bladder, ureters, and kidneys. The ureters are the long tubes that connect your kidneys to your bladder.

How is retrograde Urethrogram done?

It is done by a doctor or an X-ray technician. No special set-up is needed. You will lie on your back or side, and an x-ray of the urethra and bladder are taken. X-ray contrast agent (dye) is gently moved into your urethra.

What is excretory urography?

An intravenous pyelogram (PIE-uh-low-gram), also called an excretory urogram, is an X-ray exam of your urinary tract. An intravenous pyelogram lets your doctor view your kidneys, your bladder and the tubes that carry urine from your kidneys to your bladder (ureters).