How does a person get infected with Hymenolepis diminuta?
One becomes infected by accidentally ingesting dwarf tapeworm eggs. This can happen by ingesting fecally contaminated foods or water, by touching your mouth with contaminated fingers, or by ingesting contaminated soil.
What is the difference between Hymenolepis nana and Hymenolepis diminuta?
Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) mostly causes human infections, whereas Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm) exclusively infects rats and rarely humans.
What causes Hymenolepis nana?
Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes (tapeworm) species, Hymenolepis nana (the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length) and Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length).
How do you treat Hymenolepis nana?
Infection is treated with praziquantel or niclosamide. H. nana is only 15 to 40 mm long. It differs from other tapeworm because it requires only one host, but can also cycle through two.
What is the infective stage of Hymenolepis diminuta?
Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestode of rodents infrequently seen in humans and frequently found in rodents. Eggs of Hymenolepis nana are immediately infective when passed with the stool and cannot survive more than 10 days in the external environment .
Does Hymenolepis nana spread in the body?
H. nana, also known as dwarf tapeworm, is a cyclophyllidean tapeworm with embryonated eggs. It is probably the most prevalent tapeworm worldwide, and it is the only tapeworm that can be transmitted directly from human to human.
What is the infective stage of hymenolepis Diminuta?
What is the diagnostic stage of Hymenolepis nana?
H. nana infection is diagnosed by identifying the 30- × 47-µm parasite eggs (with their characteristic double membrane) in the stool (Fig. 289.3C–D). Treatment is with praziquantel or niclosamide (see “Therapy”).
Does Hymenolepis nana spread?
H. nana infections are much more common than H. diminuta infections in humans because, in addition to being spread by insects, the disease can be spread directly from person to person by eggs in feces.
What is the infective stage of Hymenolepis nana?
About 20 to 30 days after initial ingestion, the worm begins to shed eggs in the stool. H. nana adults live for only 4 to 6 weeks, but eggs shed in the stool are immediately infective. Self-inoculation or internal autoinfection allows colonization to persist for years.
Where is Hymenolepis nana found?
The dwarf tapeworm or Hymenolepis nana is found worldwide. More common in warm parts of South Europe, Russia, India, US and Latin America.